Development and Assessment of Copper-Based Nanoparticles Derived from Dypsis lutescens for Their Antibacterial Properties by in vitro Application
Abstract
Objective: Phytoconstituents, including polyphenols, tannins, alkaloidsandflavonoids, which are abundant in Dypsis lutescens leaf extract, were utilized for the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (g-CuNPs). These bioactive compounds served as natural reducing agentsandcapping agents in the synthesis process.
Material and Methods: The formation of g-CuNPs was confirmed by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), showing a characteristic λmax at 410 nm. Functional groups of the capping agents on g-CuNPs were verified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR spectroscopy).
Results: The nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable stability, as confirmed by Malvern Zetasizer analysis. They exhibited an acceptable particle size and Poly Dispersity Index (PDI), along with a robust positive zeta potential of +40, indicating their suitability for biological applications. Antibacterial assays revealed that the g-CuNPs significantly enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the leaf extract alone. The inhibition zones were slightly higher for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), underscoring the efficacy of the nanoparticles in combating bacterial pathogens.
Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of integrating bioactive phytochemicals with copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) to create potent antibacterial agents. The enhanced activity of g-CuNPs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria highlights their promise as effective solutions for addressing challenges posed by pathogenic bacteria. This innovative approach paves the way for developing advanced antimicrobial therapies with improved efficiency and stability.
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