Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Frequencies and 4-loci HLA Haplotype Frequencies in Southern Thailand

Kantarat Kusolthammarat, Wanwimon Yindee, Jarin Buakaew, Rassamee Chotipanvithayakul, Kanoot Jaruthamsophon

Abstract

Objective: To determine the antigen and haplotype frequencies of human leukocyte antigen-A (HLA-A), -B, -DRB1, and -DQB1 in southern Thailand.
Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HLA typing data from patients treated at Songklanagarind Hospital between September 2004 and May 2023. In total, 629 patients with HLA-A and -B typing results were included, and HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 data were available for 529 patients. Haplotype frequencies were determined in 55 patients with complete four-locus HLA typing data from at least two family members.
Results: A total of 66 unique HLA antigens were identified across four loci (16 HLA-A, 30 HLA-B, 13 HLA-DR, and 7 HLA-DQ). The most common HLA-A antigens were A24 (25.4%), A11 (24.3%), and A2 (18.8%). The most common HLA-B antigens were B75 (11.6%), B35 (8.4%), and B58 (8.4%). For HLA class II, the highest frequencies of HLA-DR antigens were found in DR15 (23.6%), DR12 (18.4%), and DR7 (10.9%). HLA-DQ5 (33.9%), DQ7 (21.6%), and DQ6 (14.3%) were the most frequently detected HLA-DQ antigens. The most prevalent four-loci haplotype was A33-B44- DR7-DQ2 (4.6%).
Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the HLA antigens and haplotype frequencies in southern Thailand. These findings serve as a foundational basis for future studies on disease associations, support transplantation services, and contribute to personalized medicine.

 Keywords

clinical immunology; immune system; pharmacogenetics; population genetics; transplantation

 Full Text:

PDF

References

Liwski R, Ryan Pena J. The HLA system. In: Cohn CS, Delaney M, Johnson ST, Katz LM, Schwartz J, editors. Technical manual. 21st ed. Bethesda, Maryland: American Association of Blood Banks; 2023;p.503–28.

Jaruthamsophon K, Thomson PJ, Sukasem C, Naisbitt DJ, Pirmohamed M. HLA allele-restricted immune-mediated adverse drug reactions: framework for genetic prediction. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2022;62:509–29.

Naik RH, Shawar SH. Renal transplantation rejection. In: StatPearls [homepage on Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 3]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553074/

Alelign T, Ahmed MM, Bobosha K, Tadesse Y, Howe R, Petros B. Kidney transplantation: the challenge of human leukocyte antigen and its therapeutic strategies. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1–18.

Kupatawintu P, Tatawatorn A, Phiencharoen S, Choketaweesak N, Nathalang O, Attajarusit Y, et al. Allocation criteria to increase chances of kidney transplantation for highly HLA-sensitized patients. J Hematol Transfus Med 2014;24:103–9.

National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society. Standard for blood bank and transfusion services. 5th ed. Bangkok: Udomsuksa; 2024.

Srisuddee A, Tupmongkol T, Thongpaknam S, Phiancharoen SP, Kupatawintu P, Nathalang O, et al. HLA mismatch between deceased donors and kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective study from January 2019 to December 2021. J Hematol Transfus Med 2022;32:193–200.

Hafeez MS, Awais SB, Razvi M, Bangash MH, Hsiou DA, Malik TH, et al. HLA mismatch is important for 20-year graft survival in kidney transplant patients. Transpl Immunol 2023;80:101861.

Tambur AR, Kosmoliaptsis V, Claas FHJ, Mannon RB, Nickerson P, Naesens M. Significance of HLA-DQ in kidney transplantation: time to reevaluate human leukocyte antigen– matching priorities to improve transplant outcomes? An expert review and recommendations. Kidney Int 2021;100:1012–22.

Williams RC, Opelz G, McGarvey CJ, Weil EJ, Chakkera HA. The risk of transplant failure with HLA mismatch in first adult kidney allografts from deceased donors. Transplantation 2016;100:1094–102.

Tiercy JM. How to select the best available related or unrelated donor of hematopoietic stem cells? Haematologica 2016;101:680–7.

Little AM, Akbarzad-Yousefi A, Anand A, Diaz Burlinson N, Dunn PPJ, Evseeva I, et al. BSHI guideline: HLA matching and donor selection for haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. Int J Immunogenet 2021;48:75–109.

Braun J, Sieper J. Fifty years after the discovery of the association of HLA B27 with ankylosing spondylitis. RMD Open 2023;9:e003102.

Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, Pecori F, Martino E. Graves’ disease occurring after subacute thyroiditis: report of a case and review of the literature. Thyroid 1996;6:345–8.

Kramer AB, Roozendaal C, Dullaart RPF. Familial occurrence of subacute thyroiditis associated with human leukocyte antigen-B35. Thyroid 2004;14:544–7.

Jaruthamsophon K, Tipmanee V, Sangiemchoey A, Sukasem C, Limprasert P. HLA-B*15:21 and carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome: pooled-data and in silico analysis. Sci Rep 2017;7:45553.

Sukasem C, Chaichan C, Nakkrut T, Satapornpong P, Jaruthamsophon K, Jantararoungtong T, et al. Association between HLA-B alleles and carbamazepine-induced maculopapular exanthema and severe cutaneous reactions in Thai patients. J Immunol Res 2018;2018:2780272.

Sukasem C, Sririttha S, Chaichan C, Nakkrut T, Satapornpong P, Jaruthamsophon K, et al. Spectrum of cutaneous adverse reactions to aromatic antiepileptic drugs and human leukocyte antigen genotypes in Thai patients and meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics J 2021;21:682–90.

Tassaneeyakul W, Jantararoungtong T, Chen P, Lin PY, Tiamkao S, Khunarkornsiri U, et al. Strong association between HLA-B*5801 and allopurinol-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in a Thai population. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2009;19:704–9.

Tempark T, Satapornpong P, Rerknimitr P, Nakkam N, Saksit N, Wattanakrai P, et al. Dapsone-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions are strongly linked with HLA-B*13: 01 allele in the Thai population. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2017;27:429–37.

Satapornpong P, Pratoomwun J, Rerknimitr P, Klaewsongkram J, Nakkam N, Rungrotmongkol T, et al. HLA-B*13:01 is a predictive marker of dapsone-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions in Thai patients. Front Immunol 2021;12:661135.

Kupatawintu P, Pheancharoen S, Srisuddee A, Tanaka H, Tadokoro K, Nathalang O. HLA-A, -B, -DR haplotype frequencies in the Thai Stem Cell Donor Registry. Tissue Antigens 2010;75:730–6.

Robinson J, Barker DJ, Georgiou X, Cooper MA, Flicek P, Marsh SGE. IPD-IMGT/HLA database. Nucleic Acids Res 2020;48:D948–55.

Ounjai S, Ponraweethitikorn P, Kanunthong S, Srisuddee A, Phiencharoen S, Kupatawintu P, et al. HLA-A, -B, and -DR frequencies in deceased kidney donors of the Organ Donation Centre, Thai Red Cross Society. J Hematol Transfus Med 2019;29:175–81.

Romphruk AV, Romphruk A, Kongmaroeng C, Klumkrathok K, Paupairoj C, Leelayuwat C. HLA class I and II alleles and haplotypes in ethnic northeast Thais. Tissue Antigens 2010;75:701–11.

Satapornpong P, Jinda P, Jantararoungtong T, Koomdee N, Chaichan C, Pratoomwun J, et al. Genetic diversity of HLA class I and class II alleles in Thai populations: contribution to genotype-guided therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020;11:78.

Dhaliwal JS, Shahnaz M, Too CL, Azrena A, Maiselamah L, Lee YY, et al. HLA-A, -B and -DR allele and haplo- type frequencies in Malays. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2007;25:47– 51.

Chiewsilp P, Mongkolsuk T, Sujirachato K, Junpong S, Rattanasombat K, Uden C. HLA in southern Thai-Muslims. J Med Assoc Thai 1997;80(Suppl 1):S30-7.

Regulation of the Organ Donation Centre, Thai Red Cross Society. Bangkok: Thai Red Cross Society; 2002.

Thammanichanond D. Human leukocyte antigen matching in kidney transplantation. J Hematol Transfus Med 2014;24:99–102.

Jaruthamsophon K, Sangmanee P, Plong-On O, Charalsawadi C, Sukasem C, Hnoonual A. Molecular identification of HLA-B75 serotype markers by qPCR: A more inclusive pharmacogenetic approach before carbamazepine prescription. Clin Transl Sci 2024;17:e13867.

Pratoomwun J, Thomson P, Jaruthamsophon K, Tiyasirichokchai R, Jinda P, Rerkpattanapipat T, et al. Characterization of T-Cell responses to SMX and SMX-NO in co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity patients expressing HLA-B*13:01. Front Immunol 2021;12:658593.

Wang CW, Tassaneeyakul W, Chen CB, Chen WT, Teng YC, Huang CY, et al. Whole genome sequencing identifies genetic variants associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in Asians. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021;147:1402–12.

Wu PC, Chen WT, Huang IH, Chen CB, Wang CW, Tai CC, et al. Human leukocyte antigens and sulfamethoxazole/ cotrimoxazole-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol 2024; 160:525–34.

Thungthienthong M, Tongsengkee N, Intapiboon P. Sulfone syndrome: a unique delayed type of drug hypersensitivity from dapsone. J Health Sci Med Res 2024;42:e20241054. doi: 10.3158/jhsmr.20241054.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.20251141

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.