Cave Associated Infection: An Issue in Tropical Medicine
Abstract
Caves are interesting and attractive natural sites that visitors can enter and explore. Sometimes, the visitors come in contact with pathogens in the cave, resulting in cave associated infections. In this short article, the authors hereby summarize and discuss cave associated infections with special reference to tropical countries. There are many possible cave associated infections, such as histoplasmosis and rabies, which are considered serious health problems.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Igreja RP. Infectious diseases associated with caves. Wilderness Environ Med 2011;22:115-21.
Mehal JM, Holman RC, Brass DA, Blanton JD, Petersen BW. Changes in knowledge of bat rabies and human exposure among United States cavers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014;90:263-4.
Robertson K, Lumlertdacha B, Franka R, Petersen B, Bhengsri S, Henchaichon S, et al. Rabies-related knowledge and practices
among persons at risk of bat exposures in Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011;5:e1054.
Adam JP. Transmission of hemosporidia by Anopheles cavenicolus in the cave of the Congo (Brazaville). Bull World Health Organ 1965;32:598-60.
Ponnampalam J. Isolation of histoplasma capsulatum from the soil of a cave in central Malaya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1963;12:775-6.
Ashford DA, Hajjeh RA, Kelley MF, Kaufman L, Hutwagner L, McNeil MM. Outbreak of histoplasmosis among cavers attending the National Speleological Society Annual Convention, Texas, 1994. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999;60:899-903.
Lottenberg R, Waldman RH, Ajello L, Hoff GL, Bigler W, Zellner SR. Pulmonary histoplasmosis associated with exploration of a bat cave. Am J Epidemiol 1979;110:156-61.
Mortimer RB. Leptospirosis in a caver returned from Sarawak, Malaysia. Wilderness Environ Med 2005;16:129-31.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.